What is the purpose of an anti-lock braking system (ABS)?

The primary purpose of an anti-lock braking system (ABS) is to prevent the wheels from locking up during braking, particularly in emergency situations. When a driver applies the brakes suddenly, without ABS, the wheels can lock, leading to a loss of traction and control. This could result in skidding, making it difficult to steer away from obstacles and increasing the risk of an accident.

With ABS, the system automatically modulates the braking pressure to prevent the wheels from locking. While this allows for better control and more effective steering during hard braking, it does not necessarily shorten the overall stopping distance on dry pavement. In certain conditions, such as slippery surfaces, ABS can help maintain traction and stabilize the vehicle, potentially shortening stopping distances in those scenarios. However, its primary function is to enhance control rather than decrease stopping distance.

This understanding highlights why the correct answer addresses the prevention of wheel lock while clarifying that it may not always result in shorter stopping distances. Other options, such as those suggesting increased stopping distance, improved fuel efficiency, or enhanced steering control, do not accurately capture the fundamental role of ABS.